In which view does the nature of reality consist of both mental and physical elements?

The correct answer identifies dualism as a perspective that posits the existence of both mental and physical elements in the nature of reality. This philosophical view, often attributed to René Descartes, suggests that the mind and body are distinct entities that interact but are fundamentally different in nature.

In contrast to materialism, which strictly focuses on physical matter as the basis of reality, and idealism, which emphasizes the primacy of the mental or spiritual over the physical, dualism recognizes that both aspects play significant roles in understanding human experience and existence.

Property dualism, while also acknowledging the presence of both mental and physical aspects, specifically suggests that mental states are properties of physical states rather than completely separate entities. This distinction is essential in understanding the nuanced perspectives within dualism and its implications for various philosophical discussions. Thus, dualism effectively encapsulates the idea that reality encompasses both mental and physical dimensions.